Here is dirt that shows frost heave. The water in the dirt freezes and causes the mud to rise as the water expands into ice. This ground was crunchy to walk on. But this is not the main reason for frost heave.
Water moves from warmer temperature to colder temperature. And the top of the soil will freeze first. So water will move up from below to the area that is freezing to cause more freezing near the top of the soil aggravating the effect of the frost heave. This causes the soil to be displaced even more. During thaw the soil drops back to its normal place. This soil action causes disruption in construction along the surface of the ground.
Frost creep is caused by the freezing and thawing of the soil that causes rocks etc to travel down hill.
Missouri has a large problem with this because we are in an area of the country that is swinging back and forth between the warming gulf temperature and frigid cold winds from Canada. I have seen it go from 60 degrees to 20 in a few hours and then back to the 50's the next day.
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